前スレ 箱入り無数目を語る部屋
https://rio2016.5ch.net/test/read.cgi/math/1609427846/

(参考)
時枝問題(数学セミナー201511月号の記事) 「箱入り無数目」抜粋
純粋・応用数学(含むガロア理論)8
https://rio2016.5ch.net/test/read.cgi/math/1620904362/401
時枝問題(数学セミナー201511月号の記事)
「箱がたくさん,可算無限個ある.箱それぞれに,私が実数を入れる.
どんな実数を入れるかはまったく自由,例えばn番目の箱にe^πを入れてもよいし,すべての箱にπを入れてもよい.
もちろんでたらめだって構わない.そして箱をみな閉じる.
今度はあなたの番である.片端から箱を開けてゆき中の実数を覗いてよいが,一つの箱は開けずに閉じたまま残さねばならぬとしよう.
どの箱を閉じたまま残すかはあなたが決めうる.
勝負のルールはこうだ. もし閉じた箱の中の実数をピタリと言い当てたら,あなたの勝ち. さもなくば負け.
勝つ戦略はあるでしょうか?」

https://mathoverflow.net/questions/151286/probabilities-in-a-riddle-involving-axiom-of-choice
Probabilities in a riddle involving axiom of choice
asked Dec 9 '13 at 16:16 Denis
(Denis質問)
I think it is ok, because the only probability measure we need is uniform probability on {0,1,…,N?1}, but other people argue it's not ok, because we would need to define a measure on sequences, and moreover axiom of choice messes everything up.
(Pruss氏)
The probabilistic reasoning depends on a conglomerability assumption, ・・・and we have no reason to think that the conglomerability assumption is appropriate.
(Huynh氏)
If it were somehow possible to put a 'uniform' measure on the space of all outcomes, then indeed one could guess correctly with arbitrarily high precision, but such a measure doesn't exist.

つづく