www.kurims.kyoto-u.ac.jp IUT I: CONSTRUCTION OF HODGE THEATERS Shinichi Mochizuki May 2020 Abstract. This data determines various hyperbolic orbicurves that are related via finite ´etale coverings to the once-punctured elliptic curve XF determined by EF.
https://researchmap.jp/Hiroaki_NAKAMURA/ 中村 博昭 On Arithmetic Monodromy Representations of Eisenstein Type in Fundamental Groups of Once Punctured Elliptic Curves Hiroaki Nakamura PUBLICATIONS OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES 49(3) 413-496 2013年9月 査読有り
このページは 1999 年8月〜12月にカリフォルニア大学・バークレーの 数理科学研究所 (MSRI) で行われた Program on Galois Groups and Fundamental Groups Organizers: Eva Bayer, Michael Fried, David Harbater, Yasutaka Ihara, B. Heinrich Matzat, Michel Raynaud, John Thompson の紹介ページ http://msri.org/activities/programs/9900/galois/ の日本語訳をもとに 中村が加工を施して作成したものです。(2000/10/1) (引用終り) 0357132人目の素数さん2024/04/20(土) 09:27:43.10ID:b3gJjkjy これいいね http://www4.math.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp/~nakamura/selection.html Several articles of H.Nakamura
Articles on Anabelian Geometry H.Nakamura, A.Tamagawa, S.Mochizuki: ``The Grothendieck Conjecture on the Fundamental Groups of Algebraic Curves'' Copyright 1999 American Mathematical Society ``Sugaku Expositions'' (AMS), Volume 14 (2001), 31--53 English translation (by S.Mochizuki) from ``Sugaku'' 50(2), 1998, pp. 113-129 (Japanese). pdf http://www4.math.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp/~nakamura/zoo/rhino/NTM300.pdf
H.Nakamura: "On Galois rigidity of fundamental groups of algebraic curves" in "Nonabelian Fundamental Groups and Iwasawa Theory" (J.Coates, M.Kim, F.Pop, M.Saidi, P.Schneider eds.) London Math. Soc. Lecture Note Series, 393 (2012), 56--71 (Cambridge UP). pdf http://www4.math.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp/~nakamura/zoo/monkey/02nakamura.pdf This is a translation into English of an old Japanese article published in "Report Collection of the 35th Algebra Symposium held at Hokkaido University in 1989" + 8 complementary notes newly added in English.
Galois-Teichmueller theory: H.Nakamura : ``Limits of Galois representations in fundamental groups along maximal degeneration of marked curves II'' Proc. Symp. Pure Math., 70 (2002), 43--78 ps / pdf http://www4.math.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp/~nakamura/zoo/anteater/naka-lim.pdf
H.Nakamura, H.Tsunogai, S.Yasuda: "Harmonic and equianharmonic equations in the Grothendieck-Teichmueller group, III" Journal Inst. Math. Jussieu 9 (2010), 431-448. NTY2010jimj.pdf (Copyright: Cambridge University Press) http://www4.math.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp/~nakamura/zoo/squirrel/NTY2010jimj.pdf available from Cambridge Journals Online 0358132人目の素数さん2024/04/20(土) 09:29:09.81ID:0huTH1S0 閲覧注意 >1は数学の線形代数|・|≠0を理解できない トンデモ ↓ 0426 132人目の素数さん 2023/10/29(日) 14:22:15.63
In mathematics, the Teichmüller space T(S) of a (real) topological (or differential) surface S is a space that parametrizes complex structures on S up to the action of homeomorphisms that are isotopic to the identity homeomorphism. Teichmüller spaces are named after Oswald Teichmüller.
History Moduli spaces for Riemann surfaces and related Fuchsian groups have been studied since the work of Bernhard Riemann (1826-1866), who knew that 6g-6 parameters were needed to describe the variations of complex structures on a surface of genus g ≥ 2. The early study of Teichmüller space, in the late nineteenth–early twentieth century, was geometric and founded on the interpretation of Riemann surfaces as hyperbolic surfaces. Among the main contributors were Felix Klein, Henri Poincaré, Paul Koebe, Jakob Nielsen, Robert Fricke and Werner Fenchel.
The main contribution of Teichmüller to the study of moduli was the introduction of quasiconformal mappings to the subject. They allow us to give much more depth to the study of moduli spaces by endowing them with additional features that were not present in the previous, more elementary works. After World War II the subject was developed further in this analytic vein, in particular by Lars Ahlfors and Lipman Bers. The theory continues to be active, with numerous studies of the complex structure of Teichmüller space (introduced by Bers).
The geometric vein in the study of Teichmüller space was revived following the work of William Thurston in the late 1970s, who introduced a geometric compactification which he used in his study of the mapping class group of a surface. Other more combinatorial objects associated to this group (in particular the curve complex) have also been related to Teichmüller space, and this is a very active subject of research in geometric group theory. 0363132人目の素数さん2024/04/20(土) 20:04:46.96ID:b3gJjkjy これいいね https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL04QVxpjcnjj-7bMIZG1smxVh_6gvHbki https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X1cAVLSMz0g&list=PL04QVxpjcnjj-7bMIZG1smxVh_6gvHbki&index=1 A History and Survey of the Subject by Pierre Lochak International Centre for Theoretical Sciences 2024/02/26 DISCUSSION MEETING : GROTHENDIECK TEICHMÜLLER THEORY
ORGANIZERS : Pierre Lochak (CNRS and IMJ-PRG, Paris, France) and Devendra Tiwari (Bhaskaracharya Pratishthana, Pune, India) DATE : 26 February 2024 to 01 March 2024 VENUE : Madhava Lecture Hall, ICTS Bengaluru and Online Beyond “dessins d’enfant”, the theory nowadays referred to as Grothendieck-Teichmüller theory (Galois-Teichmüller in Grothendieck’s manuscripts) may well represent the main new theme in the Esquisse d'un Programme, as confirmed in the Promenade à travers une œuvre (which is part of Récoltes et semailles). Simplifying a great deal one may say that Grothendieck’s main ideas were taken up especially by Y. Ihara, V. Drinfeld and P. Deligne in the mid and late eighties.They derive in large part from the elementary remark that the fundamental group remains the only invariant in classical algebraic topology which is not a priori abelian .Making this remark fruitful probably required the genius of Alexandre Grothendieck . The fact is that out of it Grothendieck-Teichmüller theory (on which we will concentrate) and Anabelian Geometry (including the so-called “section conjecture”) were born.
In Grothendieck’s Esquisse, he is dealing with the full étale fundamental group, which is profinite almost by definition, or say by a form of the GAGA principle. It leads to the original version of the Grothendieck-Teichmüller group which again by definition (or by functoriality) and using the famous Belyi theorem, contains the absolute Galois group Gal(Q) of the field Q (the prime field in charateristic zero, as Grothendieck likes to put it).
A significant bifurcation occurred in Deligne’s 1989 paper on Le groupe fondamental de la droite projective moins trois points,in which the author brings in the rich toolbox of rational homotopy theory and motives (at least what we nowadays call mixed Tate motives),at the expense of using the prounipotent (not profinite) fundamental group. The ensuing version of the Grothendieck-Teichmüller group of course does not contain the Galois group anymore but this linearized version of the theory lends itself more easily to computations (e.g. those involving Multiple Zeta Values) and has become largely prevalent (including lately in deformation theory).
In this week long meeting we will discuss both versions (which could also be termed “linear” and “nonlinear”), including in particular an introduction to the profinite (nonlinear) version of the theory, which seems much closer to what Grothendieck initially had in mind and has been hitherto much less publicized. There will be mini-courses by subject experts of introductory nature for younger researchers, who were not exposed to these topics before.There will also be a few research talks by active researchers to explain the current state of the art in the subject of the meeting.
Accommodation will be provided for outstation participants at our on campus guest house. ICTS is committed to building an environment that is inclusive, non discriminatory and welcoming of diverse individuals. We especially encourage the participation of women and other under-represented groups. Eligibility Criteria: Senior Ph.D. students, postdocs, and faculties working on topics related to the theme of the meeting. (引用終り) 0365132人目の素数さん2024/04/20(土) 20:09:47.99ID:lgVZM1FC This multi-volume set deals with Teichmüller theory in the broadest sense, namely, as the study of moduli space of geometric structures on surfaces, with methods inspired or adapted from those of classical Teichmüller theory. The aim is to give a complete panorama of this generalized Teichmüller theory and of its applications in various fields of mathematics.
The volumes consist of chapters, each of which is dedicated to a specific topic. The present volume has 19 chapters and is divided into four parts:
The metric and the analytic theory (uniformization, Weil–Petersson geometry, holomorphic families of Riemann surfaces, infinite-dimensional Teichmüller spaces, cohomology of moduli space, and the intersection theory of moduli space). The group theory (quasi-homomorphisms of mapping class groups, measurable rigidity of mapping class groups, applications to Lefschetz fibrations, affine groups of flat surfaces, braid groups, and Artin groups). Representation spaces and geometric structures (trace coordinates, invariant theory, complex projective structures, circle packings, and moduli spaces of Lorentz manifolds homeomorphic to the product of a surface with the real line). The Grothendieck–Teichmüller theory (dessins d'enfants, Grothendieck's reconstruction principle, and the Teichmüller theory of the soleniod). This handbook is an essential reference for graduate students and researchers interested in Teichmüller theory and its ramifications, in particular for mathematicians working in topology, geometry, algebraic geometry, dynamical systems and complex analysis.
The authors are leading experts in the field. 0366132人目の素数さん2024/04/20(土) 20:11:57.70ID:b3gJjkjy P.Lochakは、中村先生のホームページに3カ所出てくる
Y.Ihara, H.Nakamura: ``Some illustrative examples for anabelian geometry in high dimensions'' in `Geometric Galois Actions I' (L.Schneps, P.Lochak eds.) London Math. Soc. Lect. Note Series 242 (1997), pp. 127--138. http://www4.math.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp/~nakamura/zoo/lion/INanabel.pdf
H.Nakamura: ``Galois representations in the profinite Teichmueller modular groups'' in `Geometric Galois Actions I' (L.Schneps, P.Lochak eds.) London Math. Soc. Lect. Note Series 242 (1997), pp. 159--173. http://www4.math.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp/~nakamura/zoo/lion/Gaction.pdf
Galois-Teichmueller theory: P.Lochak, H.Nakamura, L.Schneps: "Eigenloci of 5 point configurations on the Riemann sphere and the Grothendieck-Teichmueller group" Math. J. Okayama Univ. 46 (2004), 39--75. http://www4.math.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp/~nakamura/zoo/deer/_09_Lochak-Nakamura-Schneps.pdf 0367132人目の素数さん2024/04/20(土) 20:32:56.24ID:lgVZM1FC The Teichmüller space of a surface was introduced by O. Teichmüller in the 1930s. It is a basic tool in the study of Riemann's moduli spaces and the mapping class groups. These objects are fundamental in several fields of mathematics, including algebraic geometry, number theory, topology, geometry, and dynamics.
The original setting of Teichmüller theory is complex analysis. The work of Thurston in the 1970s brought techniques of hyperbolic geometry to the study of Teichmüller space and its asymptotic geometry. Teichmüller spaces are also studied from the point of view of the representation theory of the fundamental group of the surface in a Lie group 0368132人目の素数さん2024/04/20(土) 22:59:53.93ID:b3gJjkjy>>367 ありがとうございます こういう重要ポイントをさらっとコピーできるのは、御大かな
<IUT最新文書> https://www.kurims.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~motizuki/news-japanese.html 2024年03月24日 望月新一 ・(過去と現在の研究)2024年4月に開催予定のIUGCの研究集会での講演の スライドを公開。https://www.kurims.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~motizuki/IUT%20as%20an%20Anabelian%20Gateway%20(IUGC2024%20version).pdf P8 In this context, it is important to remember that, just like SGA, IUT is formulated entirely in the framework of “ZFCG” (i.e., ZFC + Grothendieck’s axiom on the existence of universes), especially when considering various set-theoretic/foundational subtleties (?) of “gluing” operations in IUT (cf. [EssLgc], §1.5,§3.8,§3.9, as well as [EssLgc],§3.10, especially the discussion of “log-shift adjustment” in (Stp 7)): (引用終り)
ある特定の文脈において おそらく最も単純なバージョンは、研究対象が特定の集合で閉じている限り、任意の集合が宇宙であるというものである。 もし研究対象が実数として形式化されていれば、実数の集合である実数直線 R は考察下において宇宙になりうる。 これは1870年代から1880年代にかけてゲオルク・カントールが実解析の応用として、初の現代的な集合論と濃度の開発に用いた宇宙である。 カントールが当時興味を持っていた集合は、R の部分集合だった。
この宇宙の概念はベン図の使用に反映されている。 ベン図において、作用は伝統的に宇宙 U を表す大きな四角形の内部に生じる。 一般的に集合が U の部分集合であれば、それは円によって表現される。集合 A の補集合は A の円の外側の四角形の部分によって与えられている。
通常の数学 与えられた X (カントールの場合には、 X = R) の部分集合を考えれば、宇宙は X の部分集合の集合の存在を要請する。 (例えば、X の位相は X の部分集合の集合である。) X の様々な部分集合の集合は、それ自体は X の部分集合にならないが、代わりに X の冪集合 PX の要素はX の部分集合になる。 これに続き、研究対象は宇宙が P(PX) になるような場合における X の部分集合の集合などを構成する。
集合論 SNは通常の数学の宇宙であるという主張に正確な意味を与えることは可能である。すなわち、それはツェルメロ集合論のモデルである。 Vi のすべての和集合は次のようにフォン・ノイマン宇宙 V となる これらの和集合 V は真の類である。 置換公理と同時期にZFにを加られた正則性公理は、すべての 集合が V に属することを主張している。
クルト・ゲーデルの構成可能集合 L と構成可能公理 到達不能基数は ZF のモデルと加法性公理を生じ、さらにグロタンディーク宇宙の集合の存在と等価である。
アレクサンドル・グロタンディーク(Alexander Grothendieck)のアプローチは、固定された射有限群 G に対して有限 G-集合の圏を特徴付ける圏論的性質に関係している。例えば、G として ˆZ と表記される群が考えられる。この群は巡回加法群 Z/nZ の逆極限である。あるいは同じことであるが、有限指数の部分群の位相に対する無限巡回群の完備化である。すると、有限 G-集合は G が商有限巡回群を通して作用している有限集合 X であり、X の置換を与えると特定することができる。
上の例では、古典的なガロア理論との関係は、 ˆZ を任意の有限体 F 上の代数的閉包 F の射有限ガロア群 Gal(F/F) と見なすことである。すなわち、F を固定する F の自己同型は、 F 上の大きな有限分解体をとるように、逆極限により記述される。幾何学との関係は、原点を取り除いた複素平面内の単位円板の被覆空間として見なすことができる。複素変数 z と考えると、円板の zn 写像により実現される有限被覆は、穴あき円板の基本群の部分群 n.Z に対応する。
SGA1[1]で出版されたグロタンディークの理論は、どのようにして G-集合の圏をファイバー函手(fibre functor) Φ から再構成するかが示されている。ファイバー函手は、幾何学的な設定では、(集合として)固定されたベースポイント上の被覆のファイバーを持つ。実際、タイプ G ≅ Aut(Φ) として証明された同型が存在する。右辺は、Φ の自己同型群(自己自然変換)である。集合の圏への函手をもつ圏の抽象的な分類は、射有限な G に対する G-集合の圏を認識することによって与えられる。
PART I: Introduction and motivation The term “anabelian” was invented by Grothendieck, and a possible translation of it might be “beyond Abelian”. The corresponding mathematical notion of “anabelian Geometry” is vague as well, and roughly means that under certain “anabelian hypotheses” one has: ∗ ∗ ∗Arithmetic and Geometry are encoded in Galois Theory ∗ ∗ ∗ It is our aim to try to explain the above assertion by presenting/explaining some results in this direction. For Grothendieck’s writings concerning this the reader should have a look at [G1], [G2].
PART II: Grothendieck’s Anabelian Geometry The natural context in which the above result appears as a first prominent example is Grothendieck’s anabelian geometry, see [G1], [G2]. We will formulate Grothendieck’s anabelian conjectures in a more general context later, after having presented the basic facts about ´etale fundamental groups. But it is easy and appropriate to formulate here the so called birational anabelian Conjectures, which involve only the usual absolute Galois group.
P22 The result above by Mochizuki is the precursor of his much stronger result concerning hyperbolic curves over sub-p-adic fields as explained below.
PART III: Beyond Grothendieck’s anabelian Geometry
References Ihara, Y., On beta and gamma functions associated with the Grothendieck-Teichmller group II, J. reine angew. Math. 527 (2000), 1–11. Mochizuki, Sh., The profinite Grothendieck Conjecture for closed hyperbolic curves over number fields, J. Math. Sci. Univ Tokyo 3 (1966), 571–627. Mochizuki, The absolute anabelian geometry of hyperbolic curves, Galois theory and modular forms, 77–122, Dev. Math., 11, Kluwer Acad. Publ., Boston, MA, 2004. Nagata, M., A theorem on valuation rings and its applications, Nagoya Math. J. 29 (1967), 85–91. Nakamura, H., Galois rigidity of the ´ etale fundamental groups of punctured projective lines, J. reine angew. Math. 411 (1990) 205–216. 0379132人目の素数さん2024/04/21(日) 19:40:26.47ID:+2zd27AU ホッジシアター(ホッジ劇場)とは